絲網(wǎng)+葉片組合分離
1.絲網(wǎng)+葉片組合分離結構
絲網(wǎng)+葉片組合分離在設計開發(fā)過程中同時采用動能碰撞、液滴吸附聚結和重力沉降的原理,以實現(xiàn)更高的氣液分離效率、更低的壓降以及更寬的彈性操作范圍。夾帶液滴的氣體一旦進入分離葉片的通道,將被葉片立即分成多個區(qū)域。氣體在通過各個區(qū)域的過程中將被葉片強制進行多次快速的流向轉變。氣體在進行多次快速的流向轉變過程中,在離心力的作用下,液滴將與葉片進行動能碰撞。液滴之間通過吸附聚結效應附著在葉片表面。附著在葉片表面聚結成膜的液體在自身重力、液體表面張力和氣體動能的聯(lián)合作用下進入葉片的夾層,并在夾層中匯流成股,流入到葉片下方的積液槽中進行收集,得到經過凈化處理的氣體。
絲網(wǎng)+葉片組合分離可被設計成不同的組合結構形式,以滿足工藝性能和容器殼體的外形尺寸要求。組合結構通常包含以下四種基本形式:單組葉片、雙組葉片、四組葉片、八組葉片。
單葉片 | 雙葉片 | 四葉片 | 八葉片 |
1.1 設計特點:
完全固定或可拆的葉片組件;
焊接或螺栓聯(lián)接的支撐方式;
葉片反沖洗系統(tǒng);
多級葉片組合系統(tǒng);
多種形式的氣體優(yōu)化流動分布;
靈活多樣的葉片類型。
1.2 工作原理
氣液兩相入口和進料緩沖裝置可以幫助減緩氣液兩相流體進入分離器的動能,同時移除氣體中所夾帶的大尺寸液滴。氣相夾帶著剩余的小尺寸液滴進入上方的分離葉片。被分離葉片所捕集的液體在葉片的下方進行收集。收集的液體在自身重力作用下被導液管引入分離器的底部,并最終從分離器的底部被排出。設計合適的液封以防止氣體串入導液管,造成流動短路。合理的液位控制以保證底部的液體從分離器中被順利的排出,同時保證導液管的液封。
優(yōu)點:
更高的液體分離效率;
更寬的彈性操作范圍;
更小的分離器殼體尺寸;
適用于中—高液氣比的場合;
適用于存在斷塞流的場合;
所有葉片設計基于通過人孔安裝,方便對已有的氣液分離器進行改造;
分離器入口到出的壓降小于 1Kpa
2.高質量效率聚結濾芯精分離器
2.1 工作原理
高質量效率聚結濾芯采用高密度梯度玻璃纖維制造,具有親水特性,為減少破損漏失設計成整體單片管結構,濾芯表面經疏水、疏油處理,可滿足各種精度等級要求。油、水和其他液體的液滴,被聚結器內部的超細纖維捕捉,這些微米級纖維對氣流形成了曲折的通道,迫使固體顆粒和液體霧滴在慣性碰撞、擴散攔截和直接攔截三種過濾機理的作用下,被超細纖維捕獲,液體表面張力使小液滴聚結成較大型液滴,由于重力作用,大型液滴沉降至容器底部。
當氣體進料中同時含有較多液滴和固體微粒時,可以選擇離心管束對其進行初級分離。當氣體時料中固體微粒含量較小時,可以選擇高質量效率葉片對其進行粗分離。在精分離的末端,采用高濾芯,氣體從濾芯的內部流到外部,極其微小的液滴和固體微粒在此過程中被捕集,從而實現(xiàn)精分離。液體在聚結濾芯的下方被收集并排出。分離初始壓降從入口到出口小于 10kpa,潤濕壓降為 20~30kpa,推薦更換壓降為 70~100k pa。
2.2 優(yōu)點:
設計靈活,可以滿足客戶的特殊需要;
分離性能穩(wěn)定可靠;
可以滿足國標對壓力容器的要求;
可以滿足出中氣體中含液量在數(shù)個 ppm(質量含量)以內;
筒體法蘭設計滿足濾芯可拆的要求。
高質量效率葉片式分離器可分離的液體量大,分離精度不如聚結濾芯高;聚結濾芯分離器可處理的液體量相對較小,但分離精度高。在很多應用中,液體的分離量大,且要求分離的精度高,往往采用葉片粗分離和濾芯精分離的兩級組合式結構,以達到分離效果。
組合式過濾分離器內件介紹
葉片:分離天然氣中的液體
Brief Introduction of Vane Type Liquid/Gas Separator
葉片式氣液分離內件簡介
1. Vane Type Separation Internal 葉片式分離內件
Vane type separator is a kind of separator special for handling of liquid removal from gas with high efficiency, and little pressure differential, which is the best selection for replacing the traditional mesh pad separator.
葉片式氣液分離器是專門用來進行氣液分離的一種分離器,具有低壓降的特點,是替代傳統(tǒng)絲網(wǎng)捕霧器好的選擇。
The internal applied is called ‘Vane’, a new type of internal which is widely used in the oil&gas industry, petrochemical industry and chemical industry, etc. after its invention in the 1970’s. Vane is made of papery stainless steel with ‘pocket’ attached, which is patented technology, and is illustrated as bellow picture. When gas and liquid mixture entered the vane bundle, the feed gas will change its direction and do ‘Zig-Zag’
movement in the special arranged vane bundle space, then the liquid will drop down along the wall of the vane, and gas go forward to the outlet of the vessel. Beside the ‘Zig-Zag’ movement, the pocket of the vane will help to change the direction of feed gas, where there will be vortex occur, then, fine liquid droplets will encounter the pocket wall and grow to bigger ones, separated from the gas. Meanwhile, because of liquid vortex, there will be a low pressure area occur in the pocket area, where large quantity of separated liquid will be absorbed here and gathers then go down long the pocket wall, hence the liquid handling capacity is outstandingly enhanced. Because the internal is made of stainless steel, which is robust, and the space between vane and vane is large enough for the preventing of blocking compared to the traditional ones, so there is no need to replace the internal in the separator’s life time.
葉片式分離器采用成為‘葉片’的分離元件,這種分離元件是一種新型分離內件,自從 19 世紀 70 年代問世以來,廣泛的應用于石油天然氣行業(yè)、石化行業(yè)、化學行業(yè)等工業(yè)領域。葉片由非常薄的不銹鋼片,利用專利技術制造而成,折疊形的鋼片上帶有“兜”狀突起(如下圖所示)。當氣液混合物進入葉片束后,會在特殊排列的葉片束空間內做改變方向的曲折運動,于是液體就會分離出來順著葉片壁滑落至底部。與此同時,當氣體遇到葉片的兜狀突起時,氣體會在兜狀物的空間內產生漩流,進而使得微小液滴撞擊兜狀物的壁而聚結在一起,進而與氣體分離。由于旋流的發(fā)生,兜狀物空間內會形成低壓空間區(qū)域,由于吸附作用,大量的液體會聚集在此區(qū)域,并滑落下去,因此葉片式分離器的處理氣體中液體夾帶量的能力顯著增加。因為是由不銹鋼片制作而成,并且相對于傳統(tǒng)的氣液分離器內件,葉片組件之間的空間足夠大,不會發(fā)生堵塞現(xiàn)象,因此葉片式分離器使用壽命期間不需要更換內件。
With its excellent performance of liquid separation from gas, vane is world widely accepted as a revolution of internal idea for liquid removal from gas. Today, vane type separator is appointed by many world famous oil companies and processing package providers such as Shell, BP, ChevronTexaco Corp. and UOP, as qualified liquid/gas separator and applied with large quantity.
由于具有完美的從氣體中分離液體的能力,今天葉片式分離器已經被聞名的油氣巨頭或者著名的工藝包供應商,比如殼牌,BP、雪佛龍德士古、UOP 等指定為合格的氣液分離器并大量采用。
2. Vane Type Inlet Device 葉片式進口設備
Vane type inlet device is Shell patented product invented for the pre-treating of the feed gas. One function is to pre-separate large liquid droplets from gas when there is large quantity of liquid entrained in the feed gas, and the other one is to distribute the feed gas to the internal evenly. These two functions are both aim to guarantee the performance of the separator. The right picture shows the Shell called‘Schoepentoeter’ which is often applied when there is big content of liquid in the gas.
葉片式進口設備是殼牌的專利產品,這種進口設備具有兩種功能,首先,在來料氣中含有大量的液體時,可以預分離氣體中的大的液滴,第二,可以保證氣體均勻的進入分離器內件。這兩種功能均為了保證分離器的分離效果。下圖中即為被殼牌石油公司稱作 Schoepentoeter的葉片進口裝置
4. 4-bank Vane Type Separator with Vane Type Inlet Device 帶有葉片式進口裝置的四面板式葉片分離器
Normally, when the liquid content in the feed gas is larger than 15% (Weight Ratio), a vane type inlet device is required to pre-separate the larger liquid droplets from the feed gas in order to guarantee the performance of the whole separator. The bellow picture shows a typical vane separator with capacity of handling large feed gas volume with much liquid content. A vane type inlet device and 4-bank vane bundle are configured and liquid downcomer pipes are included as well to avoid liquid coming down encounters with the feed in gas leading to second time entrainment.
通常情況下,如果進料氣中的液體含量超過 15%(重量比),需要在進氣口安裝葉片式進口設備預分離來料氣中的大液滴以保證整個分離器的分離精度及分離效率。下圖所示為典型的處理大氣體量且?guī)в写罅恳后w的葉片式分離器(帶有進口預分離裝置),這種葉片式分離器的葉片配置為 4 面板形式,進口帶有葉片式預分離裝置,并且?guī)в薪狄汗埽康氖菫榱耸狗蛛x出的液體直接流入容器的底部,不會在下降的過程中與來料氣再次接觸而形成二次夾帶而降低分離效果。
5. Vane Type Separator Performance Guarantee 葉片分離器的性能保證
①100% removal of liquid droplets from gas 8 μand larger; 99.95% removal of liquid droplets from gas 6 μand larger; 99.5% removal of liquid droplets from gas 5μand larger; 100%去除 8 微米及以上的液滴;99.95%去除 6 微米及以上液滴;99.5%去除 3 微米及以上的液滴; ② Less than 1/10 US gallon liquid entrainment per 10^6 feet^3 outlet gas (0.0137ppmv);
出口氣體中每百萬立方英尺氣體中液體含量少于 0.1 美國加侖(0.0137ppmv); ③Pressure differential is less than 1.5 psi Flange to
Flange (on condition of the inlet and outlet nozzle IDs are properlydesigned). 在正確的管口內徑設計的情況下,整個分離器(法蘭-法蘭)的壓降小于 1.5 psi (約為 10kPa)。 ④No need to replace the vaneinternal through the whole design life time of the vessel. 壓力容器設計壽命內,葉片內件無需更換。
6. Vane Internal Photo 葉片內件實物圖(單件)
分離內件絲網(wǎng)